The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY), along with the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), is a flagship programme introduced by the central government in April 2008, to increase the breadth, depth and height of coverage so that ultimately universal coverage can be achieved. The main objective was to study the impact of the RSBY scheme in Patan district of Gujarat state in terms of enrolment rates, access to quality hospital care and financial protection as well as to list and understand the issues with governance, enrolment, utilisation and monitoring of the scheme